COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF B2B SUPPLY CONTRACT BREACH: UZBEKISTAN VS GERMANY

Akhunova, Oysha

International Conference on Law, Governance and Social Transformation | Volume 1, Issue 1 (2025) | Pages 1-6

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF B2B SUPPLY CONTRACT BREACH: UZBEKISTAN VS GERMANY

Oysha Akhunova ^*

Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing breaches of business-to-business (B2B) supply contracts in Uzbekistan and Germany. Drawing on statutory codes, judicial interpretations, and expert commentaries, the study examines key aspects including statutory foundations, principles of breach liability, available remedies, limitations on liability, and contract interpretation and enforcement. Both jurisdictions emphasize freedom of contract, good faith, and compensatory remedies, yet differ in structural approaches—Uzbekistan's Civil Code offers specific provisions for supply contracts, while Germany's relies on general civil and commercial codes supplemented by case law. The analysis highlights similarities in fault-based liability and buyer notification duties, alongside differences in judicial scrutiny of standard terms. Implications for international commercial practice are discussed, underscoring the alignment with global norms like the CISG.

Keywords

B2B supply contracts contract breach Uzbekistan Civil Code German BGB/HGB remedies liability limitations

References

                        Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (1996). Part Two. https://invest-in-uzbekistan.org/en/zakonodatelstvo/grazhdanskij-kodeks-respubliki-uzbekistan-chast-vtoraya-29-avgusta-1996-g/
CMS Law. (n.d.). Warranty law in supply contracts in Germany. CMS Expert Guides. https://cms.law/en/int/expert-guides/cms-expert-guide-to-warranties-in-supply-contracts/germany
Hermann, G. (2024). GILS commercial contracts: Uzbekistan. GRATA International. https://gratanet.com/publications/gils-commercial-contracts-uzbekistan
Law on the Contractual Legal Base of Activity of Business Entities, No. 670-I. (1998). Republic of Uzbekistan.
Lexology. (2015). Commercial contracts in Germany. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=d5c0938b-9b4f-4f25-a69e-6da0e03dc6a3
Osborne Clarke. (n.d.). Contract law fundamentals: How the position differs across Europe. https://www.osborneclarke.com/insights/contract-law-fundamentals-how-position-differs-across-europe
Turcomat. (n.d.). View of the principle of good faith in civil law. https://turcomat.org/index.php/turkbilmat/article/view/615/415
United Nations. (1980). Convention on contracts for the international sale of goods. https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/en/19-09951_e_ebook.pdf
Warnath Group. (2024). UZB-45055. https://www.warnathgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/F245977222_UZB-45055.pdf                    

Published October 26, 2025

Downloads 4

Download PDF